{"id":2802,"date":"2026-01-15T20:02:15","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T12:02:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/?page_id=2802"},"modified":"2026-09-04T13:53:48","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T05:53:48","slug":"pcb-testing","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/pcb-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0422\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2802\" class=\"elementor elementor-2802\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef957a9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ef957a9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ea0f42 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5ea0f42\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02c607c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"02c607c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfab258 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"cfab258\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\r\n    \/* 1. \u6574\u4f53\u5bb9\u5668 *\/\r\n    .pcb-testing-wrapper {\r\n        font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\r\n        max-width: 1200px; \/* \u9650\u5236\u6700\u5927\u5bbd\u5ea6 *\/\r\n        margin: 0 auto;\r\n        padding: 40px 20px;\r\n        color: #333;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 2. \u6807\u9898\u901a\u7528\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n    .pcb-section-title {\r\n        color:#3ba9d9; \/* \u7eff\u8272\u6807\u9898 *\/\r\n        font-size: 24px;\r\n        font-weight: bold;\r\n        margin-bottom: 20px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 3. \u6bb5\u843d\u6587\u672c\u901a\u7528\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n    .pcb-text-p {\r\n        font-size: 15px;\r\n        line-height: 1.6; \/* \u884c\u9ad8\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb *\/\r\n        margin-bottom: 15px;\r\n        color: #444;\r\n        text-align: justify; \/* \u4e24\u7aef\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u6574\u9f50 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 4. \u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5168\u5bbd\u6587\u672c\uff09 *\/\r\n    .pcb-top-section {\r\n        margin-bottom: 50px; \/* \u4e0a\u4e0b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u95f4\u8ddd *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 5. \u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5de6\u6587\u53f3\u56fe\uff09 *\/\r\n    .pcb-bottom-section {\r\n        display: flex; \/* \u542f\u7528\u5de6\u53f3\u5e03\u5c40 *\/\r\n        gap: 40px;     \/* \u5de6\u53f3\u95f4\u8ddd *\/\r\n        align-items: flex-start; \/* \u9876\u90e8\u5bf9\u9f50 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u5de6\u4fa7\u6587\u5b57\u533a *\/\r\n    .pcb-left-content {\r\n        flex: 1; \/* \u5360\u4e00\u534a\u5bbd\u5ea6 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u65e0\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n    .pcb-test-list {\r\n        list-style: none; \/* \u53bb\u6389\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9ed1\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u622a\u56fe\u98ce\u683c *\/\r\n        padding: 0;\r\n        margin: 0;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .pcb-test-list li {\r\n        font-size: 15px;\r\n        color: #444;\r\n        margin-bottom: 6px; \/* \u5217\u8868\u9879\u95f4\u8ddd *\/\r\n        line-height: 1.5;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u53f3\u4fa7\u56fe\u7247\u533a *\/\r\n    .pcb-right-image {\r\n        flex: 1; \/* \u5360\u53e6\u4e00\u534a\u5bbd\u5ea6 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .pcb-right-image img {\r\n        width: 100%;\r\n        height: auto;\r\n        border-radius: 4px; \/* \u56fe\u7247\u5706\u89d2 *\/\r\n        box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); \/* \u56fe\u7247\u9634\u5f71\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u8d28\u611f *\/\r\n        display: block;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 6. \u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u9002\u914d\uff1a\u624b\u673a\u5e73\u677f\u53d8\u4e3a\u5355\u5217 *\/\r\n    @media (max-width: 768px) {\r\n        .pcb-bottom-section {\r\n            flex-direction: column; \/* \u6539\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6392\u5217 *\/\r\n        }\r\n        .pcb-right-image {\r\n            width: 100%;\r\n            margin-top: 20px;\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"pcb-testing-wrapper\">\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f88\u91cd\u8981 -->\r\n    <div class=\"pcb-top-section\">\r\n        <h2 class=\"pcb-section-title\">Why PCB Testing Is Essential<\/h2>\r\n        <p class=\"pcb-text-p\">\r\n            Implementing a robust PCB testing process is critical for any designer or manufacturer aiming for success. Testing your PCB helps identify potential issues early, minimize major failures, catch smaller defects, save time, and reduce overall costs.\r\n        <\/p>\r\n        <p class=\"pcb-text-p\">\r\n            PCB testing is essential not only during the manufacturing process but also in the final production stage. It can also be applied to prototypes or small-scale assemblies, helping to detect potential problems before full-scale production. Even with careful design, engineers have limited control over factors such as component tolerances, part-to-part variations, noise immunity, emissions, and other specifications in PCB fabrication or assembly. Thorough testing ensures that these variables are properly managed, resulting in a more reliable and high-quality end product.\r\n        <\/p>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u5de6\u6587 \u53f3\u56fe -->\r\n    <div class=\"pcb-bottom-section\">\r\n        \r\n        <!-- \u5de6\u4fa7\u6587\u5b57 -->\r\n        <div class=\"pcb-left-content\">\r\n            <h2 class=\"pcb-section-title\">What Should Be Tested on PCBs<\/h2>\r\n            <p class=\"pcb-text-p\">\r\n                A PCB is made up of many parts and components, each of which directly affects the overall performance and reliability of the circuit and the final electronic assembly. For best results, comprehensive testing should be performed to verify all critical aspects, including but not limited to:\r\n            <\/p>\r\n            <ul class=\"pcb-test-list\">\r\n                <li>Electrical conductivity<\/li>\r\n                <li>Mechanical strength<\/li>\r\n                <li>Soldering quality<\/li>\r\n                <li>Cleanliness<\/li>\r\n                <li>Tests for the target environment<\/li>\r\n                <li>Lamination \u2014 peel strength<\/li>\r\n                <li>Quality of hole wall<\/li>\r\n                <li>Component placement, alignment, polarity, orientation.<\/li>\r\n            <\/ul>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- \u53f3\u4fa7\u56fe\u7247 -->\r\n        <div class=\"pcb-right-image\">\r\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/test_pcbs.jpeg\" alt=\"PCB Testing Process\">\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-782a4f6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"782a4f6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb36b5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cb36b5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PCB Inspection &amp; Testing Services Of PCBAMake<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-152179c e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"152179c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0434465 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0434465\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"465\" height=\"301\" src=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/visual_inspection.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2809\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/visual_inspection.jpeg 465w, https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/visual_inspection-300x194.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85cf8ea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"85cf8ea\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c04c3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c04c3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Manual \/ Visual Inspection<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d65264d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d65264d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Visual inspection is a manual approach of testing that requires experienced inspectors who can determine what is acceptable and what is not.\u00a0<br \/>This step can be used for printed circuit board inspection during assembly. The equipment used for visual inspection is selected according to the inspection target. Through this inspection, printed circuit boards and their components and assemblies are also thoroughly inspected. This is the most cost-effective inspection.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e9655 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e9655\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bf915d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7bf915d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f887bf3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f887bf3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\r\n    \/* 1. \u6574\u4f53\u5bb9\u5668\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u5168\u5c40\u5b57\u53f7 *\/\r\n    .aoi-wrapper {\r\n        font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\r\n        font-size: 14px; \/* \u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u3011\u5168\u5c40\u5b57\u53f7 14px *\/\r\n        color: #333;\r\n        line-height: 1.5; \/* \u884c\u9ad8\u9002\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d27\u51d1\u4f46\u4e0d\u62e5\u6324 *\/\r\n        max-width: 1000px;\r\n        margin: 0 auto;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 2. \u6807\u9898\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n    .aoi-title {\r\n        color:#3ba9d9; \/* \u7eff\u8272\u6807\u9898 *\/\r\n        font-size: 20px; \/* \u6807\u9898\u7a0d\u5927 *\/\r\n        font-weight: bold;\r\n        margin-bottom: 10px; \/* \u7d27\u51d1\u95f4\u8ddd *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 3. \u6bb5\u843d\u6587\u672c *\/\r\n    .aoi-text {\r\n        margin-bottom: 12px; \/* \u6bb5\u843d\u95f4\u8ddd\u53d8\u5c0f *\/\r\n        text-align: justify; \/* \u4e24\u7aef\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u6574\u9f50 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 4. \u8868\u683c\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n    .aoi-table {\r\n        width: 100%;\r\n        border-collapse: collapse; \/* \u5408\u5e76\u8fb9\u6846 *\/\r\n        margin-bottom: 15px;\r\n        background-color: #fff;\r\n        table-layout: fixed; \/* \u56fa\u5b9a\u5217\u5bbd\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6587\u5b57\u6491\u4e71\u5e03\u5c40 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .aoi-table td {\r\n        border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; \/* \u6d45\u7070\u7ec6\u8fb9\u6846 *\/\r\n        padding: 6px 10px; \/* \u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u3011\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\u5185\u8fb9\u8ddd (\u4e0a\u4e0b6px) *\/\r\n        vertical-align: top; \/* \u9876\u90e8\u5bf9\u9f50 *\/\r\n        word-wrap: break-word; \/* \u9632\u6b62\u957f\u5355\u8bcd\u6ea2\u51fa *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 5. \u5076\u6570\u884c\u6591\u9a6c\u7eb9 (\u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u6389\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5) *\/\r\n    .aoi-table tr:nth-child(even) {\r\n        background-color: #fafafa; \r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 6. \u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\uff1a\u624b\u673a\u4e0a\u5141\u8bb8\u8868\u683c\u5de6\u53f3\u6ed1\u52a8 *\/\r\n    @media (max-width: 767px) {\r\n        .aoi-table-scroll {\r\n            overflow-x: auto;\r\n        }\r\n        .aoi-table {\r\n            min-width: 500px; \/* \u4fdd\u8bc1\u624b\u673a\u4e0a\u8868\u683c\u4e0d\u6324\u6210\u4e00\u56e2 *\/\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"aoi-wrapper\">\r\n    \r\n    <!-- \u6807\u9898 -->\r\n    <h3 class=\"aoi-title\">Automatic Optical Inspection (AOI)<\/h3>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57 -->\r\n    <div class=\"aoi-text\">\r\n        AOI uses a vision system to capture an image of the circuit. By comparing this image to an expected image and to a set of design rules, image errors are detected. AOI machines detect flaws by a combination of design rule checks and comparison to design data.\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57 -->\r\n    <div class=\"aoi-text\">\r\n        PCBAMake AOI automatic optical inspection machines are running for both prototype PCB and mass production. PCBAMake 100% AOI tested PCBAs: Automated optical inspection (AOI) is an automated visual inspection of printed circuit board (PCB) (or LCD, transistor) manufacture where a camera autonomously scans the device under test for both catastrophic failure (e.g. missing component) and quality defects.\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u8868\u683c (\u5305\u88f9\u4e86\u6eda\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u624b\u673a) -->\r\n    <div class=\"aoi-table-scroll\">\r\n        <table class=\"aoi-table\">\r\n            <tbody>\r\n                <tr>\r\n                    <td>Area defects<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Flipped component<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Severely Damaged Components<\/td>\r\n                <\/tr>\r\n                <tr>\r\n                    <td>Billboarding<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Height Defects<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Tombstoning<\/td>\r\n                <\/tr>\r\n                <tr>\r\n                    <td>Component offset<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Insufficient Paste around Leads<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Volume Defects<\/td>\r\n                <\/tr>\r\n                <tr>\r\n                    <td>Component polarity<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Insufficient Solder Joints<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Wrong Part<\/td>\r\n                <\/tr>\r\n                <tr>\r\n                    <td>Component presence or absence<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Lifted Leads<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Solder Bridging<\/td>\r\n                <\/tr>\r\n                <tr>\r\n                    <td>Component Skew<\/td>\r\n                    <td>No Population tests<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Presence of Foreign Material on the board<\/td>\r\n                <\/tr>\r\n                <tr>\r\n                    <td>Excessive Solder Joints<\/td>\r\n                    <td>Paste Registration<\/td>\r\n                    <td><\/td> <!-- \u7a7a\u5355\u5143\u683c -->\r\n                <\/tr>\r\n            <\/tbody>\r\n        <\/table>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u5e95\u90e8\u6587\u5b57 -->\r\n    <div class=\"aoi-text\">\r\n        AOI can be used in the following locations in the SMT lines: post paste, pre-reflow, post-reflow, or wave areas.\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee17e1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ee17e1a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-befa2b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"befa2b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"538\" height=\"325\" src=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/aoi_testing.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2812\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/aoi_testing.jpeg 538w, https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/aoi_testing-300x181.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7eb8176 e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7eb8176\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31ed208 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"31ed208\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"443\" height=\"271\" src=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/microsections_inspection.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2813\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/microsections_inspection.jpeg 443w, https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/microsections_inspection-300x184.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-848f453 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"848f453\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b94462a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b94462a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Microsection Inspection\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27f84a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27f84a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>Inspection method that examines the integrity of through-holes, laminate system, solder joint interfaces and other structures in and on the PCB.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Samples are extracted from the board and are then evaluated under high magnification.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Microsection analysis is a destructive procedure but can reveal critical defects of designs that are close to or exceed typical manufacturing specifications\/tolerances &#8211; a test that is generally worthwhile for mass-production volumes of complicated boards. It is a required test for military PCB and Class 3 PCB requirements.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75b11dd e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"75b11dd\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cb30e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7cb30e4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f12cf94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f12cf94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Electrical Test<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6f6307 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6f6307\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>Electrical testing is the most common methodology used to determine if a board is good or bad. To electrically test a board requires that the board come into physical contact with a measurement system. There are two test types performed: continuity and isolation.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Continuity testing checks for the continuous path or appropriate interconnect of pads, traces and through holes.<\/div><div>For isolation testing, we are trying to determine if networks or traces are separated or isolated from each other.<\/div><div>The type of test equipment appropriate to an operation varies with the type of boards produced, level of testing required and a variety of other influences.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Most common test systems are Flying Probe testers. Each board requires the flying probe system to have unique programming (corresponding to the coordinates and test specs of each test point). As a result, this is a premium test but once configured and programmed, the testing process goes very quickly per board and, depending on annual volumes, is generally cost-effective in the long run.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Also, fixtured testers, with a dedicated test system and universal grid system, are used for testing medium to high-volume PCB production runs. A custom test fixture containing cabling\/interfacing and systems that monitor specific signals could be well tailored to the design and test against high reliability and performance.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d51dfd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5d51dfd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"634\" height=\"419\" src=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/electrical_testing.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2814\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/electrical_testing.jpeg 634w, https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/electrical_testing-300x198.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 634px) 100vw, 634px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da9a9d2 e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"da9a9d2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4480d18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4480d18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"585\" height=\"388\" src=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ict_testing.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2815\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ict_testing.jpeg 585w, https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ict_testing-300x199.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 585px) 100vw, 585px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fece37c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fece37c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b58d0ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b58d0ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">In-Circuit Test (ICT)\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6b1011 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c6b1011\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"text-align: right;\"><div>In-circuit testing is a popular PCB testing method that many PCB manufacturers prefer to employ, and it can find 98% of faults. This testing method uses special PCB testing steps and equipment, including:<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>In-circuit tester: The tester system contains a matrix of hundreds or thousands of drivers and sensors, which perform the measurements for the test.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Fixture: A fixture connects to the in-circuit tester and is the part that interacts directly with the board being tested. This fixture looks like a bed of nails and is designed specifically for the board in question. Each \u201cnail,\u201d or sensor point, connects to relevant points on the test board, feeding information back to the tester. Fixtures are generally the most expensive part of this system.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Software: Software for the tester instructs the system on what tests to perform for each type of board being tested and dictates the parameters for a pass or fail.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div style=\"text-align: left;\">Using the ICT method, a manufacturer can test individual components and measure their performance, regardless of the other components attached to them. Generally, this type of testing is best for 3analog circuits since it\u2019s best at measuring resistance, capacitance and other analog measures. Additionally, the cost of the equipment means that this testing method is best suited for the final testing of stable, high-volume products, not for low-volume productions or early testing stages where the design may change multiple times.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64c45fa e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"64c45fa\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff266fd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff266fd\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8ad60c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f8ad60c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fixtureless In-Circuit Test (FICT)\/Flying Probe Test<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9af00d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9af00d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>The fixtureless in-circuit test (FICT), also known as the flying probe test, is a type of ICT that operates without the custom fixtures, reducing the overall cost of the test. First introduced in 1986, FICT uses a simple fixture to hold the board while test pins move around and test relevant points on it using a software-controlled program. Since its introduction, FICT has gained widespread use throughout the electronics manufacturing industry for its versatility.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>FICT testing is used for the same things as traditional ICT, but because of the way it goes about testing, it offers different advantages and disadvantages. While FICT is able to adapt to new boards quickly, easily and cost-effectively, with a simple programming change, it tends to be slower than the traditional ICT. This quality makes it an ideal testing method for small-production tests and prototype testing but less effective for large-scale production.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1317fce elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1317fce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"702\" height=\"393\" src=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/fct_testing.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2819\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/fct_testing.jpeg 702w, https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/fct_testing-300x168.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 702px) 100vw, 702px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fc72e4 e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7fc72e4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05257bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"05257bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"413\" src=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/functiontesting.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2820\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/functiontesting.jpeg 554w, https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/functiontesting-300x224.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15b3d19 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"15b3d19\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-757cf08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"757cf08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Functional Circuit Test\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6c795a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6c795a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>A functional circuit test is exactly what it sounds like \u2014 it tests the function of the circuit. This type of testing always comes at the end of the manufacturing plan, using a functional tester to check whether a finished PCB performs to specifications.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Some answers to common questions about functional circuit tests and how they work can be found below:<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>How do functional testers work? Functional testers come in several types but generally share the same function \u2014 they simulate the final environment in which the PCB is supposed to function. Functional testers usually do so by interfacing with the PCB via its test-probe points or edge connectors and testing to certify that the PCB functions according to design specifications.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Are functional circuits the same as ICTs? In some ways, functional circuit tests are similar to ICTs in that they use connectors to attach to the board. In the case of functional circuit testers, they use pogo pin devices to connect to the PCB and generally need fewer pins than an ICT fixture. The test equipment then runs programs to test the PCB, ensuring that the equipment functions exactly as intended.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>When do functional circuit tests occur? As previously stated, functional circuit tests are the last type of test to complete in a PCB manufacturing plan, ensuring that the product going out functions according to specifications.<\/div><div>What does a functional circuit test evaluate? Generally, functional circuit tests just look at the product\u2019s functionality as a whole and grade it on a pass or fail basis. As a result, it\u2019s not an ideal testing method for early prototypes since it doesn\u2019t identify details about what\u2019s wrong with the product.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36150f5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36150f5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5986d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b5986d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\r\n    \/* 1. \u5916\u5c42\u5bb9\u5668\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7eff\u8272\u80cc\u666f\u56fe *\/\r\n    .protect-design-wrapper {\r\n        \/* \u7eff\u8272\u6e10\u53d8\u906e\u7f69 + \u7535\u8def\u677f\u80cc\u666f\u56fe *\/\r\n        \/* \u8bf7\u66ff\u6362 url('...') \u4e3a\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u94fe\u63a5 *\/\r\n        background: linear-gradient(#3ba9d9, #3b7c98), url('https:\/\/via.placeholder.com\/1920x1000?text=PCB+Background');\r\n        background-size: cover;\r\n        background-position: center;\r\n        background-attachment: scroll;\r\n        padding: 60px 20px 80px 20px;\r\n        font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u9650\u5236\u5185\u5bb9\u6700\u5927\u5bbd\u5ea6 *\/\r\n    .protect-container {\r\n        max-width: 1200px;\r\n        margin: 0 auto;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 2. \u9876\u90e8\u6807\u9898\u533a\u57df *\/\r\n    .protect-header {\r\n        margin-bottom: 50px;\r\n        color: #fff;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .protect-title {\r\n        font-size: 28px;\r\n        font-weight: bold;\r\n        text-transform: uppercase;\r\n        margin-bottom: 20px;\r\n        color: #fff;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    .protect-desc {\r\n        font-size: 15px;\r\n        line-height: 1.6;\r\n        max-width: 900px; \/* \u9650\u5236\u6587\u5b57\u5bbd\u5ea6 *\/\r\n        color: #f0f0f0;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 3. \u7f51\u683c\u5e03\u5c40 (2\u5217 x 2\u884c) *\/\r\n    .protect-grid {\r\n        display: grid;\r\n        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); \/* 2\u5217\u5747\u5206 *\/\r\n        gap: 30px; \/* \u5361\u7247\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u8ddd *\/\r\n        align-items: stretch; \/* \u8ba9\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5361\u7247\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 4. \u767d\u8272\u5361\u7247\u901a\u7528\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n    .design-card {\r\n        background-color: #fff;\r\n        padding: 40px;\r\n        border-radius: 6px; \/* \u5706\u89d2 *\/\r\n        box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.15); \/* \u9634\u5f71 *\/\r\n        \r\n        \/* \u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\u3011\u5e95\u90e8\u7eff\u8272\u7c97\u8fb9\u6846 *\/\r\n        border-bottom: 6px solid #3ba9d9; \r\n        \r\n        transition: transform 0.3s ease;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u9f20\u6807\u60ac\u505c\u4e0a\u6d6e *\/\r\n    .design-card:hover {\r\n        transform: translateY(-5px);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u5361\u7247\u5185\u6807\u9898 *\/\r\n    .card-heading {\r\n        color:#3ba9d9; \/* \u7eff\u8272 *\/\r\n        font-size: 22px;\r\n        font-weight: bold;\r\n        margin-bottom: 25px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u5361\u7247\u5185\u6bb5\u843d *\/\r\n    .card-text {\r\n        font-size: 14px;\r\n        line-height: 1.8;\r\n        margin-bottom: 20px;\r\n        color: #444;\r\n        text-align: justify; \/* \u4e24\u7aef\u5bf9\u9f50 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u5f3a\u8c03\u6587\u5b57 (\u52a0\u7c97\u5c0f\u6807\u9898) *\/\r\n    .strong-text {\r\n        font-weight: bold;\r\n        color: #222;\r\n        display: block;\r\n        margin-bottom: 5px;\r\n        margin-top: 15px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* 5. \u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u9002\u914d *\/\r\n    @media (max-width: 900px) {\r\n        .protect-grid {\r\n            grid-template-columns: 1fr; \/* \u5e73\u677f\/\u624b\u673a\u53d8\u5355\u5217 *\/\r\n        }\r\n        .protect-header {\r\n            text-align: left;\r\n        }\r\n        .design-card {\r\n            padding: 25px;\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"protect-design-wrapper\">\r\n    <div class=\"protect-container\">\r\n        \r\n        <!-- \u9876\u90e8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6587\u5b57 -->\r\n        <div class=\"protect-header\">\r\n            <h2 class=\"protect-title\">PROTECT YOUR PCB WITH BETTER DESIGNS<\/h2>\r\n            <div class=\"protect-desc\">\r\n                To better protect your PCB and have it pass an inspection and test, you may want to consider utilizing some of the top design techniques available today. Design for Manufacturing (DFM), Design for Assembly (DFA), Design for Test (DFT) and Design for Supply Chain (DFSC) are all some of the best design techniques used to ensure a PCB is manufactured correctly.\r\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <!-- 4\u4e2a\u5361\u7247\u7f51\u683c -->\r\n        <div class=\"protect-grid\">\r\n\r\n            <!-- \u5361\u7247 1: DFM -->\r\n            <div class=\"design-card\">\r\n                <div class=\"card-heading\">Design for Manufacturing<\/div>\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    DFM is the process of arranging a PCB topology with the manufacturing process in mind. With this design mentality, the PCB layout topology is intended to mitigate problems that typically occur during the fabrication and assembly processes, including:\r\n                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    <span class=\"strong-text\">Slivers and islands:<\/span> \r\n                    Pieces of free-floating copper on a PCB layer can cause issues in a PCB design, which tends to happen when a design includes several areas with small islands of copper between traces.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    <span class=\"strong-text\">Solder bridges:<\/span> \r\n                    When traces and pins are placed too close together and a solder mask isn't used in a design, solder can create bridges between pins, causing shorts and corrosion along with other issues.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    <span class=\"strong-text\">Copper to edge:<\/span> \r\n                    Sometimes, the copper on a PCB is too close to the edge of the board, causing shorts to occur during the etching process when an electrical current is applied. DFM tests should be implemented early to reduce overall costs.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n            <!-- \u5361\u7247 2: DFA -->\r\n            <div class=\"design-card\">\r\n                <div class=\"card-heading\">Design for Assembly<\/div>\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    For any PCB assembly, it's essential to attach components securely to the circuit board. Unfortunately, doing so can be difficult when the design is hard to assemble, which is why DFA is essential. With DFA, the goal is to determine how to design the PCB so that the assembler can complete their job quickly and effectively.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    <span class=\"strong-text\">The DFA process includes the following steps:<\/span>\r\n                    \u2022 Minimize material inputs.<br>\r\n                    \u2022 Choose easily available components.<br>\r\n                    \u2022 Give components an adequate amount of space between each other.<br>\r\n                    \u2022 Apply general standards of PCB design.<br>\r\n                    \u2022 Make markings for components accurate and clear.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    Like DFM, DFA tests should be implemented early on in a project design process to minimize production costs and product development time.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n            <!-- \u5361\u7247 3: DFT -->\r\n            <div class=\"design-card\">\r\n                <div class=\"card-heading\">Design for Test<\/div>\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    DFT is a type of design that helps make testing more thorough and less costly. Essentially, PCBs designed with DFT in mind are designed to make it easy to detect and locate failures. This way, it\u2019s easier to run tests quickly and accurately, reducing the amount of time needed for testing. For this to work, designers have to know exactly what type of testing methods they\u2019ll be using at each stage of production.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    DFT can require a great deal of additional design and engineering effort in the PCB design process, easily making up for the amount of time saved during testing. With faults easier to find, it\u2019s less likely for PCBs with hidden faults to be sent out, reducing the cost of customer dissatisfaction and potential recalls.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n            <!-- \u5361\u7247 4: DFSC -->\r\n            <div class=\"design-card\">\r\n                <div class=\"card-heading\">Design for Supply Chain<\/div>\r\n                \r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    One thing that many designers don\u2019t consider is the life cycle of a product or component. Often, certain components become obsolete during the product life cycle of a PCB, and it becomes more difficult to source that component in a cost-effective way. It\u2019s essential to consider component life cycles when designing new products with DFSC techniques.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <div class=\"card-text\">\r\n                    Staying aware of life cycles includes talking to an experienced electronics contract manufacturer to determine stock availability and alternate sourcing for the components of a PCB early in the design process. In the long run, this DFSC strategy will help save money by ensuring a long lifespan for a PCB design.\r\n                <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f9409c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1f9409c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c5e30d e-grid e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3c5e30d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-400c98c elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"400c98c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\r\n    \/* FAQ \u6574\u4f53\u5bb9\u5668 *\/\r\n    .faq-container-compact {\r\n        font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\r\n        color: #333;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u6807\u9898\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n    .faq-main-title {\r\n        font-size: 24px;\r\n        font-weight: bold;\r\n        color: #3ba9d9;\r\n        margin-bottom: 15px; \/* \u51cf\u5c0f\u6807\u9898\u4e0b\u95f4\u8ddd *\/\r\n        border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\r\n        padding-bottom: 8px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u5355\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7ec4 *\/\r\n    .faq-group {\r\n        margin-bottom: 10px; \/* \u3010\u4fee\u6539\u3011\u51cf\u5c0f\u6bcf\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb *\/\r\n        border-bottom: 1px solid #eaeaea;\r\n        padding-bottom: 10px; \/* \u3010\u4fee\u6539\u3011\u51cf\u5c0f\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u7559\u767d *\/\r\n    }\r\n    \r\n    .faq-group:last-child {\r\n        border-bottom: none;\r\n        margin-bottom: 0;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u884c\u5e03\u5c40 *\/\r\n    .faq-row {\r\n        display: flex;\r\n        align-items: flex-start;\r\n        margin-bottom: 5px; \/* \u3010\u4fee\u6539\u3011\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c0f Q \u548c A \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u56fe\u6807\u901a\u7528\u6837\u5f0f *\/\r\n    .faq-icon {\r\n        display: inline-block;\r\n        width: 20px; \/* \u3010\u4fee\u6539\u3011\u56fe\u6807\u6539\u5c0f\u4e00\u70b9 *\/\r\n        height: 20px;\r\n        line-height: 20px;\r\n        text-align: center;\r\n        font-weight: bold;\r\n        color: #fff;\r\n        margin-right: 8px; \/* \u3010\u4fee\u6539\u3011\u56fe\u6807\u548c\u6587\u5b57\u8ddd\u79bb\u6539\u8fd1 *\/\r\n        flex-shrink: 0;\r\n        font-size: 12px;\r\n        border-radius: 2px;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* Q \u56fe\u6807 - \u7eff\u8272 *\/\r\n    .q-icon { background-color: #3ba9d9; }\r\n    \/* A \u56fe\u6807 - \u9ed1\u8272 *\/\r\n    .a-icon { background-color: #333; }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u6587\u5b57\u5185\u5bb9 *\/\r\n    .faq-text {\r\n        font-size: 13px; \/* \u3010\u4fee\u6539\u3011\u5b57\u53f7\u5fae\u8c03 *\/\r\n        line-height: 1.4; \/* \u3010\u4fee\u6539\u3011\u884c\u9ad8\u53d8\u7d27\u51d1 *\/\r\n        margin-top: 1px; \/* \u5fae\u8c03\u5bf9\u9f50 *\/\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/* \u94fe\u63a5\u989c\u8272 *\/\r\n    .faq-link {\r\n        color:#3ba9d9;\r\n        text-decoration: none;\r\n    }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"faq-container-compact\">\r\n    <div class=\"faq-main-title\">FAQ<\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u95ee\u9898 1 -->\r\n    <div class=\"faq-group\">\r\n        <div class=\"faq-row\">\r\n            <span class=\"faq-icon q-icon\">Q<\/span>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-text\">How long have you been making PCB&PCBA?<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"faq-row\">\r\n            <span class=\"faq-icon a-icon\">A<\/span>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-text\">PCBAMake has been making PCBs for more than 26 years.We built our assembly plant and begin assembly business in 1996.<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u95ee\u9898 2 -->\r\n    <div class=\"faq-group\">\r\n        <div class=\"faq-row\">\r\n            <span class=\"faq-icon q-icon\">Q<\/span>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-text\">How do I get a quick quote for PCB or PCB assembly?<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"faq-row\">\r\n            <span class=\"faq-icon a-icon\">A<\/span>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-text\">Please send your files and requirements to <a href=\"mailto:Orders@pcbamake.com\" class=\"faq-link\">Orders@pcbamake.com<\/a>. Quote will be sent back as soon as we get through an evaluation.<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u95ee\u9898 3 -->\r\n    <div class=\"faq-group\">\r\n        <div class=\"faq-row\">\r\n            <span class=\"faq-icon q-icon\">Q<\/span>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-text\">Do you cater SMT prototype boards?<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"faq-row\">\r\n            <span class=\"faq-icon a-icon\">A<\/span>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-text\">Yes, we are fully equipped to handle your any kind of custom SMT prototype board requirements. MOQ is 10 PCS.<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <!-- \u95ee\u9898 4 -->\r\n    <div class=\"faq-group\">\r\n        <div class=\"faq-row\">\r\n            <span class=\"faq-icon q-icon\">Q<\/span>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-text\">What files and documents do you request for my PCBA orders?<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        <div class=\"faq-row\">\r\n            <span class=\"faq-icon a-icon\">A<\/span>\r\n            <div class=\"faq-text\">To ensure accurate and efficient assembly, we require Gerber files, BOM in Excel format, Centroid data, and assembly instructions if applicable.<\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n    <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34719e9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"34719e9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-674a6e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"674a6e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">WHAT CAN I DO FOR YOU ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15a1028 elementor-button-align-stretch elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"15a1028\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"New Form\" aria-label=\"New Form\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"2802\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"15a1028\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"PCB Testing\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"queried_id\" value=\"2802\"\/>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-above\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-name elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[name]\" id=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Your name*\" required=\"required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-tel elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-email elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"tel\" name=\"form_fields[email]\" id=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Your phone*\" required=\"required\" pattern=\"[0-9()#&amp;+*-=.]+\" title=\"Only numbers and phone characters (#, -, *, etc) are accepted.\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-message elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Your email*\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-upload elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_80c3e64 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"file\" name=\"form_fields[field_80c3e64]\" id=\"form-field-field_80c3e64\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-upload-field\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_64dcdf8 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[field_64dcdf8]\" id=\"form-field-field_64dcdf8\" rows=\"4\" placeholder=\"Message is required*\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Submit<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why PCB Testing Is Essential Implementing a robust PCB testing process is critical for any designer or manufacturer aiming for success. Testing your PCB helps identify potential issues early, minimize major failures, catch smaller defects, save time, and reduce overall costs. PCB testing is essential not only during the manufacturing process but also in the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2802","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2802","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2802"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2802\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3588,"href":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2802\/revisions\/3588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1717.webi.svipwebs.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}